Understanding Hemangioma and Angiosarcoma in Dogs and Cats

2024-09-18 | Hit：

Hemangioma and angiosarcoma are significant health concerns for our furry friends. Hemangioma can appear in various parts of the body, including the skin, subcutaneous areas, deep soft tissues, tongue, nasal cavity, liver, and bones. It is commonly found in the limbs, spleen, chest, and perineum. Hemangioma is composed of dilated blood sinusoids and grows without a complete capsule, often in an invasive manner. Tumors can vary greatly in size. When cut open, one can see sinusoids of different sizes separated by thin partitions, resembling a sponge. The cut surface is dark red with blood seeping out, and the sinusoids are filled with blood, having a relatively soft texture.

Canine Hemangioma

Angiosarcoma typically occurs in animals aged 3 to 16 years, with an average age of 6 or 7 years. Common sites are the upper and lower thirds of long bones such as the proximal end of the humerus and ribs. It can also be seen in pelvic bones, sternum, and maxilla. Clinical manifestations include pain, lameness, loss of function, and bone destruction. X-ray examination shows highly dissolved bone with patchy "worm-eaten" appearances, a limited medullary cavity, and extensive bone involvement. Pathological fractures are common in the tumor area, while there is minimal soft tissue swelling and mild periosteal reaction. This tumor progresses rapidly before clinical symptoms appear and can metastasize to distant sites. Even amputation of the affected limb cannot prolong the life of pets, indicating a poor prognosis.

Angioendothelial sarcoma is a malignant form of hemangioma originating from vascular endothelial cells. It often occurs in the skin and can also be found in the spleen and liver. Macroscopically, the tumor is dark red or grayish-red without a complete capsule. The cut surface is grayish-white and often contains bleeding foci.

For the management of these conditions, here are some recommendations. Early detection and treatment of canine and feline hemangioma can help control tumor development. However, in the case of angiosarcoma, surgery is not recommended as it cannot cure the disease and may only cause more pain. After surgery, pet electrolyte concentrated solution (Pu'an Te) can be administered orally to supplement glucose and electrolytes, helping affected dogs and cats recover physical strength and reduce postoperative adverse reactions. For cats, the dosage is 50 ml/kg. For dogs, it depends on breed and body weight. Free oral administration can be continued for 2-5 days. Femelox Meloxicam Tablets (Pu'an Te) can be used as a postoperative painkiller for both dogs and cats, with a dosage of 0.1 milligram per kilogram of body weight once a day. The first dose is doubled.

Feline Hemangioma

In terms of treatment, early detection should lead to consideration of surgical treatment. Chest X-ray examination is important. If metastasis occurs, the prognosis is poor. Vincristine at a dosage of 0.02-0.05 milligram per kilogram can be administered intravenously once every 7-10 days. Ifosfamide at 9-10 milligrams per kilogram can be given intravenously once every 2-3 weeks.

By being vigilant and providing appropriate care and treatment, we can help our pets manage these challenging conditions and improve their quality of life.

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